https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/24 Research works from students of the College of Business and Economics Mon, 13 Apr 2026 10:52:07 GMT 2026-04-13T10:52:07Z https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1314 Determinants of consumers'willingness to purchase green products- A case of green foods Namusoso, Eric Isaac The main objective of this study is to examine the determinants of consumers’ willingness to purchase green products. The study applied a non-experimental design called descriptive survey research design. The target population for this study were of green foods consumers in Kigali City, particularly at Simba Supermarket which is the largest outlet with green foods. The study population is 140 respondents. Based on this sales annual report, 60 respondents were selected at the Main branch in Kigali while 40 respondents each where selected the two (2) branches of Kicukiro and Kimihurura. According to Krejcie and Morgan’s 1970 table, for a population of 140 respondents, a sample size of 103 respondents were obtained. A sample size of 103 respondents was obtained using a non-probability type of sampling called convenience sampling. This study used open-ended and close-ended types of questionnaires as the data collection tools to be used by the researcher. The data collected was first edited for uniformity, precision, wholeness, consistency and was later arranged to enable tabulation coding before the final analysis. The data was then entered into a computer program called Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 21) for analysis and interpretation. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data received from the respondents. Chi-square test and a multivariate linear regression model was further used to examine the relationship between the dependent variables and the set of independent variables at 95% level of confidence. Study results revealed that that the majority of the respondents who took part in the study purchase green foods, have the ability to distinguish green foods from non-green foods and mainly purchase fresh foods. Study results further revealed that the majority of the respondents who took part in the study purchase green foods from supermarket and they purchase green foods for between 1-2 times a weeks. Furthermore, the study results show that majority of the respondents agreed that they appreciate the package of green foods with a mean of 4.0 and a standard deviation of 0.331. Last but not least, chi-square results and multivariate linear regression model revealed that there is a significant relationship between income level, education level, green product price and consumer’s willingness to purchase green foods at 5% significance level. The study therefore recommends that environmental education campaigns closely linked with daily life, having a more participatory approach can help in the promotion of environmental knowledge and strengthening the consumer behavior towards the purchase of green foods. Master's Dissertation Sat, 01 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1314 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1313 Non-performing housing loan and financial performance of selected commercial banks in Rwanda (2015-2019) Murenzi, Aloys The purpose of this research was to measure the influence of non-performing housing loans on financial performance of selected commercial banks in Rwanda (BPR, BK, and ECOBANK). The first objective was to examine the level of non-performing housing loans among the selected commercial banks in Rwanda, the second was to determine the financial performance of those banks and the third was to establish the influence of non-performing housing loans on the financial performance of selected commercial banks in Rwanda from 2015 to 2019. The study was entirely quantitative. Data was collected from secondary sources mainly published reports of the three selected commercial banks. Panel data was subjected to multiple linear regression analysis to measure the influence of gross NPHL and net NPHL on financial performance of the selected commercial banks. The study found out that the average rate of the gross nonperforming housing loans has been slowly reducing from 5.53 in 2015 to 4.36 in 2019. Whereas the average rate of net nonperforming loans has gradually and slightly reduced from 2.2 in 2015 to 2.1. This gradual decrease indicates that defaulting loans in the housing sector has been gradually declining. It was found out that average return on asset has not been high for the first three years. In 2015 it was 1.5 and gradually increased to 4.47 by the year 2019. The average return on equity has gradually increased from 9.7 in 2015 to 11.53 by the year 2019. The study revealed that the average net interest margin for the selected commercial banks has been gradually increasing. The average net interrest margin was 6.6 by the year 2015 and increased to 9 by the year 2019. This increase is an indicator of improvement in the financial performance of the concerned commercial banks. P. values (0.004, 0.006, and 0.014) from coefficients tables for return on equity, return on asset, and net interest margin were far less than the level of significance 0.05. Therefore, a decision was made to reject the null hypothesis and a conclusion was made that there was a liner relationship between nonperforming housing loans and return on asset, return equity and net interest margin. This means that in the selected commercial banks, the declining nonperforming housing loans had a positive influence on return on equity, return on asset and net interest margin. This implies that if nonperforming housing loans continues to decline, the return on equity and net interest margin will also increase. Master's Dissertation Mon, 17 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1313 2021-05-17T00:00:00Z https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1053 The effect of entrepreneurial capacity on the SMES growth in Kigali City Umutoni Rukamba, Shakilah The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of entrepreneurial capacity on the SMEs growth in Kigali city. It was conducted under the problem that various SMEs are mushrooming in Rwanda and various policies for facilitating their growth, including capacity development have been put in place by the government. Various literatures show entrepreneurial capacity as leading to SMEs growth but the literature doesn’t illustrate whether this also applies in Rwanda. This leaves a gap it prompted the researcher to fill this Kigali city was the study area and Gasabo district was the specified area of data collection. Data collection was restricted to the effect of the entrepreneurial capacity on the SMEs growth. This study was designed as descriptive-correlational. The study population was all the SMEs (32619) in Kigali city. Purposive sampling was used to select one district from Kigali city. Gasabo district was then selected using simple random sampling from the three districts constituting Kigali city. Sample size of 133 was determined using Slovene’s formulae. 133 sampled respondents were determined using simple random sampling, but only 89 responded. Both secondary and primary data were collected. Secondary data was collected through the review of the existing literature and studies related to this study. A structured research instrument was designed to collect quantitative primary data. Content validity was applied to check whether the content of the instrument was valid. The instrument contained items that collected data basing on each research objective. Collected data was analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis where Pearson moment correlation coefficient was used to establish relationships and the level of significance was set at 0.05; and regression analysis which established the predicting variables. Results from the analyzed data indicated that entrepreneurs had the capacity to grow their businesses, possessed knowledge and skills obtained from various experiences/domains, the majority never got chance to attend trainings on how to run their businesses and trainings were needed in the fields of customer care, financial management, as well as trainings were needed in the fields of customer care, financial management, as well as how to make production; the entrepreneurs’ capacity of various kinds impacted positively the growth of SMEs; entrepreneurs were challenged by lack of mortgage, collaterals, high and many taxes, as well as high rent; the growth of SMEs was related to the capacity skills obtained from various domains, including natural knowledge and skills (.378*); and, the best predictors of SMEs growth included, among others, capacity skills being prerequisite to any business startup; and, without the capacity skills, businesses would vanish. From the study findings, it was concluded that entrepreneurial capacity had effect on the SMEs growth in Kigali city. The study recommended that capacity trainings be offered to all entrepreneurs ; and taxes be reduced. Tue, 01 Oct 2019 00:00:00 GMT https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1053 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/994 The effect of digital marketing on performance of commercial banks in Rwanda Mutoni, Dianah The study assesses the effect of digital marketing on performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. The specific objectives were to identify the common digital marketing platforms used by the commercial banks in Rwanda; to determine the extent to which the application of digital marketing has improved customers convenience as channel of performance of commercial banks in Rwanda; and to assess how the application of digital marketing help in reducing marketing cost against traditional marketing in commercial banks in Rwanda. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey design where it was used to gather information on a population of 95,500 customers and 243 employees at a single point in time. The sample size was included by 37 customers from BPR and 63 customers selected at Equity Bank, and 46 employees from BPR and the 25 employees from Equity Bank. The study findings show that Google Ad was used by 16.0% in Equity Bank while in BPR was confirmed by 21.7% of respondents to be digital marketing platform. Facebook was used by 40.0% in Equity Bank while in BPR; it was used by 28.3% of respondents. Instagram was used by 40.0% in Equity Bank while in BPR, it was on rate of 28.3%. Blogger was 4.0% in Equity Bank while in BPR; it was confirmed by 8.7% of respondents. Tweeter was confirmed on zero rate at Equity Bank while in BPR, was confirmed on 4.3% of respondents. E-mail was on zero also in Equity Bank while in BPR; Email was confirmed on 8.7% of respondents. The findings show that the application of digital marketing has improved customers convenience. Mobile banking was 15.2% in BPR; Account opening was on 13.0% in BPR; account management was on rate of 28.0% in Equity Bank and 32.6% in BPR; Card Payments was on 28.0% in Equity Bank and 15.2% in BPR, Money transfers was on 40.0% of respondents in Equity Bank in Rwanda while 21.7% was from BPR. The application of digital marketing helps in reducing marketing cost against traditional marketing in commercial banks in Rwanda where 28.0% in Equity Bank said that digital marketing reduces the cost at a very high level; while 50.0% respondents in BPR said that digital marketing reduce the cost of marketing for Bank at a very high level. To conclude, according to the findings there is significant effect of digital marketing on performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. As recommendation, the commercial banks in Rwanda should invest in digital platforms so as to be in a position to take full advantage of the digital marketing potential. Master's Dissertation Mon, 01 Oct 2018 00:00:00 GMT https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/994 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z