Conference proceedings from CST https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1217 2026-04-23T19:41:41Z 2026-04-23T19:41:41Z UWITONZE, François Xavier https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1279 2021-06-04T08:48:24Z 2014-09-17T00:00:00Z

Evaluation of Los for national road network in Rwanda UWITONZE, François Xavier The quality of service in transport is mostly linked to satisfaction of road users and the benefits they should get in using a given road. It has a direct effect on economy considering the losses for any travel and the improvement of that service which should transform these losses into benefits. The Rwanda paved network have a total length of 1,172.609 Km, they are in generally in good riding condition in terms of measured IRI. The performance of network in terms of level of service remains lower. The objective of this research put emphasize on service provided by traffic as well as economic implication and tend to provide solution of how it should be improved over 20 years of the analysis period. This should be done by introduction of passing or climbing lanes in order to provide passing opportunities. The current research is based on several documentation developed so far and used by researchers, Level of Service (LOS) have been used to measure the road performance or quality of service. USA has developed a manual (HCM) which has performed around the world, Asia also has developed manual refereeing to HCM. In Africa especially in region, a manual has been developed and have to guide for selection of design levels of service (DLOS) for the different classes of roads and to guide all country members of EAC in their design to get harmonized road network in region so that a well-balanced, economical road system will result. This manual refers on American standards, HCM and AASHTO. The HCM was chosen because it is the best practice, are feasible by using available data (field data) and some default data where field data are not available. To obtain LOS of a certain section, Average Travel Speed (ATS) varying between 40 to 110 Km/h and Percent Time Spent Following (PTSF) ranging from 0 to 100% are determined from calculations. The LOS level range from A to F where ATS for LOS “A” vary from 90 to 110 Km/h, PTSF is >40% and ATS for “E” range from 40 to 110 Km/h where PTSF for “E” varies 0 to 100%. The worst LOS “F” applies whenever the flow rate exceeds the segment capacity. An excel sheet was developed using VBA programming to determine LOS. vii The methodology of HCM, 2000 has been adopted to evaluate the current and future LOS over 20 years of analysis taking into consideration the base year (2010) and growth rate of 6.5%. Used data which were collected in 2010 on 54 sections of paved national road network, on which AADT varies between 115 and 5,412 including heavy vehicles. The study was carried out on 8 chosen roads of paved national highway having higher AADT varying between 1,730 and 17,844. The chosen growth rate 6.5 % produced increment of AADT showed the worst LOS within the analysis period. The results has shown that the national road network is operating at undesirable levels of service between D and E and service will be worst all along the analysis period which is 20 years. An economic analysis were also carried out on the proposed passing or climbing roads sections to be constructed in order to maintain the good LOS on the network. This has shown that the construction to improve LOS will not be economically viable. There will be no savings in VOC, but in VOT and pollution cost. The NPV is negatives (- 658,559,922 to - 4,197,936,942 Rwf) as well as IRR (- 0.03 to – 0.20) due to the investment cost ranging from 2 to 4 Billion introduced in do-something scenario. Finally, considering the poor LOS on national road network while the riding quality is good, passing or climbing lane should be introduced to facilitate the overtaking operations, but this is not economically viable. However, a further research is needed show the sections on national road network where freedom will be allowed to driver, this will be achieved by keeping the data collection process as well as data management to facilitates such kind of researches to improve the LOS of national network as the most important mean to satisfy the demand of road users. Master's

2014-09-17T00:00:00Z HATEGEKIMANA, Alexis Dushimire https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1278 2021-06-04T08:36:43Z 2014-12-19T00:00:00Z

Intergration of environmental issues into the economic and financial appraisal of transport infrastructure projects in Rwanda HATEGEKIMANA, Alexis Dushimire The existing method for economic and financial appraisal of transport infrastructure projects in Rwanda is Cost-Benefit Analysis, which uses a single criterion and does not really consider environmental issues; while their inclusion in transport investment selection and project prioritisation is paramount to achieve a sustainable development. The present study proposes a novel method combining the results of both CostBenefit Analysis and Multi-Criteria Analysis for offering one decision support tool that can analyse together monetary and non-monetary criteria. The Analytic Hierarchy Process, a widely accepted method for project prioritisation, is the Multi-Criteria Analysis method used in this research for the integration of environmental issues into transport project appraisal. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Analytic Hierarchy Process scores are combined using the Weighted Sum Model to produce one combined score for project alternatives ranking. A case study is proposed for testing the application of the novel method with successful results; it ranked first an alternative that was neither selected by CostBenefit Analysis nor Analytic Hierarchy Process alone. The selected alternative by the novel method is economically less expensive compared to the one selected by Cost-Benefit Analysis; thus saving approximately Rwandan Francs 2.5 Billion on the case study project. The conducted sensitivity analysis confirms the stability of the obtained ranking, thus proving the novel method consistent. The proposed method is efficient for transport project appraisal, in both alternative selection and project prioritisation. Keywords: Project Appraisal, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Multi-Criteria Analysis, Multi-Criteria Decision Making, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Alternative Ranking, Project Prioritisation.! Master's

2014-12-19T00:00:00Z MPAYANA, Fio Logan https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1277 2021-06-04T08:10:39Z 2014-10-16T00:00:00Z

Gravel road material properties in Rwanda, with focus on the Southern and Eastern provinces MPAYANA, Fio Logan In most countries, substantial proportions of the road networks are surfaced with earth or gravel. Since earth and gravel roads are not protected by a bound surface layer there can be no doubt about the weakness of earth and gravel roads. Based on their complexity no mechanistic design systems are available yet; this research work provides basic engineering performance properties of existing gravel roads which can be used by pavement engineers as a model on upcoming maintenance or design of gravel roads in Rwanda. This dissertation is presented in three parts: the first part outlines various techniques of investigations of road materials for pavement engineers working on unpaved roads; the second part presents various geotechnical tests, procedures and visual conditions used to assess the performance of actual gravel roads in the southern and eastern provinces of Rwanda; finally the third parts shows the results characterising the gravel road materials properties and a brief interpretation of their performance regarding different standards and comments for the visual condition assessment acquired. Results revealed that the materials used as pavements on gravel roads in southern and eastern provinces are laterites classify as A-2-6, 56% of the wearing courses sampled on the nine selected roads was rated as excellent; for the road bed soils the materials was classified as silt materials in group A-6 and A-7-6 with a quality which is generally reasonable. According to the weather and traffic the predicted gravel loss in southern and eastern provinces is approximately 20 to 28mm/year. From the vision condition analysis using visual condition index (VCI), 65% of gravel roads in this zone are rated as good or fair. In general, the gravel road materials in southern and eastern provinces of Rwanda perform well but due to lack of maintenance some roads deteriorate quickly. It is recommended either a periodically drag or grade of the unsurfaced road network, in order to preserve a tolerably even running surface or to provide fresh materials to replace the previous ones which are lost under the action of traffic and weather. Master's

2014-10-16T00:00:00Z MPORANANAYO, Pacifique https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1276 2021-06-04T07:56:12Z 2014-07-15T00:00:00Z

Analysis of factors influencing delay and quality of roads construction projects in Rwanda MPORANANAYO, Pacifique Road construction industry provide sustainable economic development, transport enhances productivity and output, facilitates movement of people and goods, and improves access to social services like recreation, education, health services. Generally road network is platform of economic development. Since year 2010, RTDA has more than 50 projects concerning the construction of roads and bridges. The project management requires the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. Roads Construction projects in Rwanda suffer from many problems and complex issues in performance such as time and quality. It is also very important to know the significant factors which can cause any change on the quality, time as well as the cost on initial project planning and also be able to manage any change, when it occurs. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the factors affecting the performance of road construction in Rwanda, specifically emphasize on factors affecting delay and quality. To achieve the objectives of the research, different variables affecting delay and quality of road projects were identified 73 and 71 respectively through literature review and discussions with professionals working in the field of road construction. The research was carried out into three stages; first The questionnaire survey targeted to 64 sampled professionals working in different institution in Rwanda (contractors, consultants as well as people working in public sectors/owners) was carried out for preliminary survey to reduce the variables (factors), whereby data collected by using questionnaires and analyzed with statistical analysis (Weighted mean). Furthermore, a second detailed survey with 10 Experts was carried out by applying a MCDM (pairwise comparison) with Fuzzy AHP Approach to get the final weight of each variable. The third one, results from the second stage have been compared to the actual situation of 14 selected projects managed by RTDA. The study showed that most of the key significant factors are related to the design, Consultants, owners/Clients and contractors. The reach provides recommendations for improving the performance of roads construction projects to contractors, consultants and owners. Master's

2014-07-15T00:00:00Z