Exposure to indoor AIR contaminants in school buildings of the University of Rwanda, Case for College of Sience and Technology (CST)

Abstract

Indoor air pollution is a growing global concern, particularly in office environments where workers spend most of their time. In rapidly developing Rwanda, data on indoor air quality (IAQ) in offices is limited, prompting this observational study at the University of Rwanda, College of Science and Technology (CST), to monitor concentrations of particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon dioxide (CO2) across two buildings. The study aimed to provide actionable insights to improve IAQ by measuring pollutant levels, comparing buildings, and identifying sources. Data collected over three working days revealed that PM2.5 concentrations, particularly in the Muhabura building, exceeded WHO limits, with higher levels at night due to reduced ventilation. CO2 levels were elevated, especially in the Einstein building during peak times, indicating ventilation issues. Ground floors in both buildings showed the highest CO2 concentrations, emphasizing the need for ventilation improvements. The study found that occupancy, equipment uses, and nearby environmental factors like traffic contributed to air pollution. Recommendations include better filtration systems, increased nighttime ventilation, and strategies to mitigate pollutant sources, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to protect occupant health.