Proceedings/reports/papers from conferences, seminars and workshops https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/2 2026-04-14T04:17:10Z 2026-04-14T04:17:10Z Mbaraka, Saidi Rumanzi Nkurunziza, Christian Habimana, Sylvestre Abayisenga, Jean Claude https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/2037 2023-07-12T05:18:53Z 2023-01-21T00:00:00Z

Effect of Soil Application of Stabilized Ortho Silicic Acid Based Granules on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Mbaraka, Saidi Rumanzi; Nkurunziza, Christian; Habimana, Sylvestre; Abayisenga, Jean Claude Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Rwanda. Present study was aimed assessed the effect of stabilized ortho silicic acid (OSA) based granules on growth and yield of rice. Field experiments were conducted at Rwagitima, Gatsibo district in the Eastern province of Rwanda during two wet seasons in 2019, the first season was between February and May and the second one was from September to December. Two levels of recommended fertilizer doses (RDF; i.e., 200 kg ha−1 NPK as a basal fertilizer and 100 kg ha−1 urea as a top dressing fertilizer) were applied solely and along with different doses (10, 15 and 20 kg ha−1) of OSA based granules. The treatments were: T1 (100% RDF), T2 (75% RDF), T3 (T1 +10 kgha−1 OSA), T4 (T1 +15 kgha−1 OSA), T5 (T1 +20 kgha−1 OSA), T6 (T2 +10 kgha−1OSA), T7 (T2 +15 kgha−1 OSA) and T8 (T2 +20 kgha−1 OSA). Experiments were laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results showed that the application of 100% RDF +20 kg ha−1 of OSA granules increased plant height (99.80 cm), tiller number (361) and root length (15.7 cm). Furthermore, yield increments of 28.4% and 19.9% for the first and second seasons, respectively, were obtained in treatments where 100% RDF +20 kgha−1 of OSA granules were applied. The rice yield in the treatment 75% RDF +20 kg/ha Silixol OSA granules was higher than that recorded with 100% RDF only. This indicates that use of Silixol OSA granules can result in 25% saving of fertilizer (NPK and urea) without compromising the yield. Conclusively, Silixol OSA granules offers good potential for yield increment of rice in Rwanda and, can minimize fertilizer use by 25%. Research article

2023-01-21T00:00:00Z Dushimeyesu, Erastus Habimana, Sylvestre Musana Rwalinda, Fabrice https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/2036 2023-07-12T05:11:18Z 2021-12-23T00:00:00Z

Impact of Maize Storage Methods on Aflatoxin Contamination In Eight Districts of Southern Province of Rwanda Dushimeyesu, Erastus; Habimana, Sylvestre; Musana Rwalinda, Fabrice Aflatoxin levels were measured in 900 farmer’s stores grouped into 18 respective cooperatives throughout the whole parts of the southern region of Rwanda to assess the effects of different approaches of storage on aflatoxin attacks on maize. Questionnaires, maize sampling, and laboratory testing methods were used in this study to find out which storage techniques were linked to greater or lower aflatoxin levels in stored maize in the southern region of Rwanda so that extension services could be recommended on aflatoxin-reducing measures. Farmers were questioned on the structure of their storage, form, period, and pest problems in storage, as well as what they did to battle them and the sample was taken for aflatoxin testing, the presence of aflatoxin in stored corn was negatively associated to pesticide application. Aflatoxin contamination was found to be lower (2.8 parts per billion) when grain was stored in bags with pallets; aflatoxin levels were higher (88.5 parts per billions)in those who stored corn under their roofs. Henceforth, appropriate maize storage, sorting out of damaged cobs, the use of appropriate storage insecticides, storage in well-equipped, hygienic, and aerated stores with pallets, and farmers being aware of the risk that insects and aflatoxins pose to their stored maize, were found to minimize the level of aflatoxin in stored maize. Conference paper

2021-12-23T00:00:00Z Renzaho, Jean Damascéne https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1958 2023-06-14T09:08:15Z 2017-07-06T00:00:00Z

Retrenchment in Rwanda commercial banks analysis of BPR - I & M : Study period : 2011-2016. Renzaho, Jean Damascéne This study entitled the retrenchment in Rwanda commercial banks. A case study of BPR and I&M. Comparative data have been used. The companies that were study included all those that are commercial banks and specifically BPR and I&M bank. The objective of the study was; to examine the criteria used by BPR and I&M bank in employees retrenchment; to evaluate employees perception on retrenchment criteria used by BPR and I&M Bank; to examine the impact of retrenchment on individual and organizational performance and to establish the best ways of carrying out retrenchments in future without adversely affecting the remaining employees in both BPR and I&M Bank. The research design was quantitative and entirely used secondary data and qualitative including interviews from different staffs. These criteria therefore included BPR and I&M bank only. Data gathered was from 2011to 2016 analyzed using Excel and SPPS to measure the criteria used by Rwanda commercial bank in employees retrenchment. The findings of the study suggest that commercial banks use seniority, employees‟ individual productivity, misconduct, incapability, early retirement programs and employee obsolescence as criteria for determining employees to retrench. The criterion that is most popularly used is assessment of employees‟ individual productivity. Misconduct as a criterion for retrenchment is also popular and some of the behaviors that banks consider as misconduct include fraud, insubordination, regular unauthorized absenteeism, financial mismanagement, leaking out confidential information among others. Early retirement programs are also used to a moderate extent. Last in-First out (LIFO) is used to a moderate extent while incapability as a criterion is used to a less extent. It was also found that all banks use the same criteria despite their age, ownership and size. Master's Dissertation

2017-07-06T00:00:00Z Manirabona, Emmanuel https://dr.ur.ac.rw/handle/123456789/1912 2023-06-09T09:20:35Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Association between lack of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) access and mortality in patients with combined assessment of risk encountered in surgery (cares) more than 20 points at CHUB and CHUK: a cohort study Manirabona, Emmanuel Background Lack of access to intensive care unit (ICU) for both surgical and non-surgical patients is common in countries with limited resources. In the current literature, there is a paucity of published data on the outcome of patients who lacked access to ICU while they were having criteria for critical management after surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the mortality and length of hospital stay for patients with a combined assessment of risk encountered in surgery (CARES) >20 points who had surgery and lacked access to ICU in comparison to those who got admission to ICU Methods This was a prospective comparative cohort study carried out in two university teaching hospitals which are Butare University Teaching Hospital(CHUB) and Kigali University Teaching Hospital (CHUK) over 10 months’ period, from June 2020 to April 2021. All participants were followed in-hospital till discharge, death or till 30 days postop whichever came first. Mortality and length of in-hospital stay were recorded and compared in ICU access and non -ICU access groups. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corporation, New York 10504-1722, USA). Percentages and means were used for descriptive statistics. For categorical variables with comparison groups, chi-square test was used. For continuous variables, t-test and ANOVA test were used to compare means among groups. A p–value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Results: In total 708 acute care surgery (ACS) patients were evaluated using CARES surgical risk calculator and 213 patients had CARES> 20 points and were enrolled in the study. 82 patients had post-operative ICU access timely or delayed while 130 did not have access to critical care service after operation and 1 patient has died intraoperatively. x Mortality rate among patients who had immediate post-operative ICU admission was 26.4% versus 89.7% for those who had delayed admission and 48.1% in no ICU access group. Delayed ICU admission increases mortality by 24-fold (95% CI, 6.304-92.393, p-value 20 points. Early management, preoperative ICU bed booking and timely ICU admission may considerably decrease mortality and morbidity. We recommend to increase ICU capacity for both CHUB and CHUK, improve preoperative evaluation of all surgical emergencies and create a dedicated area for suitable monitoring and management for critically ill surgical patients when access to ICU is limited or unavailable Master's Dissertation

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