Laboratory Quality Management Systems towards Accreditation in Rwanda: A case Study of selected laboratories in Rwanda

Abstract

Introduction The study ―Laboratory Quality Management Systems towards Accreditation in Rwanda: A case Study of selected laboratories in Rwanda‖ was conducted under the objective to evaluate the current status of Rwanda laboratories vis-à-vis the accreditation norms and to identify possible contributing factors to sustainable laboratory quality management systems in Rwanda. Methods We used qualitative approach, in order to address subjects about current status of Rwanda laboratories vis-à-vis norms and standards and possible contributing factors to sustainable laboratory quality management systems in Rwanda. During data generation semi structured interview were the only qualitative data collecting tools. We used non probability sampling method. We used thematic analysis for all data from interviews, we gathered all the findings in one file, and findings were analyzed according to the objectives of this dissertation. Results A good number of laboratories have established Laboratory Quality Management System (LQMS) and laboratory professionals are conversant with LQMS, with positive changes over time. Since the start of implementing LQMS, the quality of Laboratory services (Patients’ Waiting time, Turn Around Time and accuracy of results) has gradually improved. There are numerous factors which were identified from the participant’s opinions susceptible to drive and sustain the Laboratory Quality Management System; including the role to be played by the management of the hospital is of utmost importance with regards to success of laboratory management systems, motivating staff using different approach and mechanism such as trainings, improve the supply chain of reagents and consumables, recognitions of their academic levels, etc. On the other hand, we identified a number of challenges that could hinder implantation, smooth implementation and sustainability of Laboratory Quality Management system; including among others; limited training, lack of representation of laboratory professional at the Ministry of ii Health, staff working in poorly equipped facilities and delayed procurement process of specialized and critical Laboratory reagents and hiring maintenance companies . Conclusion From findings highlighted in this study, there is an established Laboratory Quality Management System which is very successful in some laboratories and the impacts it has on strengthening the laboratory services. However, the procurement system still needs to be fast-tracked for more impact. An evaluative study on purchasing and inventory systems to assess the challenges and implications to implementation of laboratory quality management system national wide is highly recommended.