Assessment of power losses and efficiency improvement of Rwandan transmission line using FACT Device. Case Study: Musha-Rwinkwavu transmission line

Abstract

The Rwandan power grid faces significant challenges related to power losses and inefficiencies across its entire system, from generation, transmission, and distribution. The grid consists of 36 substations and 49 power plants spread across various regions of the country. The transmission network primarily operates at 110 kV, with some lines at 220 kV. Power losses are a critical issue that needs to be addressed to enhance the Available Transfer Capability of power systems. Mitigating these losses involves a two-stage process: The Planning phase and the Operational phase. In the Planning phase, strategies are developed to minimize losses before they occur. This includes the design and optimization of the power system infrastructure, such as selecting the appropriate size and type of conductors, transformers, and other equipment. Additionally, planning for future load growth and potential system expansions is crucial to ensure that the system can handle increased demand without significant losses. During the Operational phase, the focus shifts to real-time management and optimization of the power system. Techniques such as dynamic power flow control, real-time monitoring, and load balancing are employed to minimize losses as electricity is transmitted from generation points to end-users. As the load on the transmission system varies, the system operates under stressed conditions, which can lead to potential failures and increased losses. Effective power flow control techniques help to manage these variations and maintain system reliability. This research evaluates the efficiency of Transmission line Musha-Rwinkwavu according to accepted standards. This involves determining the amount of power lost during the transfer of energy through the electrical network from generation to distribution. By quantifying these losses, improvements opportunities have been studied. Additionally, techniques for mitigating power losses and enhancing voltage profile by including STATCOM were explored. Addressing the challenges of power losses and inefficiency on transmission line MushaRwinkwavu if feasible by using a STATCOM of 1.3MVA and losses which are on 4% reduced up to 3%.