BACKGROUND: Annually, there have been 147,183,065 deliveries or (20 births per 1000 populations) worldwide and 37 births per 1000 population in sub-Saharan region. Nowadays, there is a great deal of controversy regarding ...

The understanding of neonatal pain and its management has been developing since the mid- 1970s. But in resource-limited countries, the care of preterm and high-risk neonates in intensive care units (NICUs) is a new field. ...

Background Pain is a foremost distress influencing all aspects of life. Pain is a common symptom of a possible disease process which forces patients to seek out medical care. A co-morbidity of untreated neonatal pain ...

Background: Throughout the world NRD is a major reason for admissions into neonatal intensive care units. NRD presents in many different ways but the main symptoms are; tachypnea, nasal flaring, chest retractions, and ...