Abstract:
Solar energy resources are easily accessible and inexpensive in Rwanda, ensuring the prosperity and development of communities where energy is viewed as the engine of economic growth. Due to climatic changes and the highest increasing electricity demand of load, the PV solar system with a storage system becomes a reliable and promising energy resource that is also inexpensive when excess energy is stored. Solar energy generation and energy storage system optimization improve power system reliability and performance. In this System, modeling of batteries storage of PV with simulation has been created, and the fitness applicability has been integrated within the boundary circumstances. The fitness applicability and viability of such a system are assessed using the Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), which is defined as the average price of all investment and operating cost of course of a lifetime of the system per energy amount (KWh) supplied to the load. As a result, this study investigates the feasibility of PV with an optimal storage system using Rwanda (Gisagara district) which is the case study. The energy storage system's impact on the reliability of the system will be weighed against its cost. The suggested sizing of a PV solar system is completed, such as electrical load and data for a typical household in Gisagara district. the target village are also considered in the procedures of sizing. Some components of the system such as charger controller (maximum power point tracking), system storage (battery bank), Inverter, solar panels where a charger controller (PWM) is rated and chosen, and the designed batteries are lead-acid batteries. Modeling and simulation of the system for a calculated load, MATLAB/Simulink software was used for that given load.The results from the simulation were identified with that of calculation results. Analysis used to determine the feasibility economic of the system finally was used by the Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). The economic results indicated that there is a distinction between traditional energy systems and Photovoltaic (PV) systems. According to this study, the cost of energy of 1 kWh from a PV generator is 0.266/kWh, while the cost of electrical energy from the grid is 0.217$/kWh in Rwanda. The study's findings advocate for the use of PV systems to electrify remote Gisagara locations and other areas with similar climatic conditions. The electrical energy demand will be 2.771 kWh/day, the total power consumption will be 350kW (0.650 kW/house) and the loss of electricity will be around 5% (16kW), so this system will need to generate about 366 kW.
