Investigating the feasibility and potential benefits of integrating light electric vehicles into the logistics system. Case study of Kigali city”

Abstract

This study investigates the feasibility and potential benefits of integrating Light Electric Vehicles (LEVs) into the logistics system of Kigali City, Rwanda. The research responds to growing urban delivery demands and environmental concerns by evaluating awareness levels, operational barriers, adoption potential, and stakeholder-informed recommendations for LEV integration. A quantitative survey was administered to 484 consumers and 293 fleet drivers and logistics operators, with results analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Findings show that while general awareness of LEVs is relatively high among consumers, mostly through social media and visual exposure, actual operational familiarity remains low, particularly among delivery drivers. Key challenges cited by respondents include high upfront vehicle costs, limited access to charging infrastructure, battery reliability concerns, lack of trained technicians, and poor integration with existing fueling stations. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors such as prior exposure to LEVs, belief in long-term cost savings, and environmental concern significantly influence the willingness to adopt electric logistics solutions. The study concludes that LEVs hold strong potential to improve logistics efficiency and reduce urban emissions in Kigali. However, successful integration will depend on enabling policy support, investment in infrastructure, and targeted awareness campaigns. Stakeholders emphasised the need for subsidies, training programs, infrastructure co-location with fuel stations, and regulatory frameworks. These findings provide a strategic foundation for policymakers, operators, and urban planners committed to advancing Rwanda’s sustainable mobility goals.