Design and performance Analysis of Photovoltaic and Uninterruptible Power Supply Backup for Commercial Buildings in Kigali

Abstract

An option to reduce the effects of air pollution and the quantity of energy needed to produce and provide services is through efficient energy consumption, also known as energy efficiency. A building can use less energy for heating and cooling, for example, if it is insulated. There are various reasons to increase energy efficiency. If the additional expenses related to putting energy-efficient technologies into place are offset, reducing energy use lowers energy bills and saves consumers money. Because buildings use a lot of energy, they are a key area for increasing energy efficiency worldwide. Building materials also contain embodied energy, and indoor conditions change greatly depending on how the energy is used, making the issue of energy use in buildings complex [1]. Roof-top solar systems are crucial components of environmentally friendly construction and design. They offer numerous advantages, including methods for managing storm water, lowering the urban heat island effect, improving air quality, and being more energy efficient; many cities worldwide are requiring them. The physical model was structured and used throughout the study. The site, electrictical needs, performance ratio of UPS system was also assessed to design the solar PV system. The results were mathematically calculated by using different formulas. The performance ratio of solar PV system was 0.843, to indicate that the PV system shall operate effectively. According to the analytical computation, precisely 90 panels are required to satisfy the energy demand. However, the design calls for 95 panels to be installed on the roofs of the buildings that were chosen at location with Average temperature: 19.20C, Total precipitation: 1063.3mm with system production equal to 1629MWh/year, system losses 0.06kWh/kWp/day, Array losses 0.68kWh/kWp/day. Green roofs for businesses can also significantly increase energy efficiency. Although off-grid PV systems can also save significant energy, grid-connected PV systems are particularly energy-efficient. Considering a particular location, this study calculates the energy demand, GHG emission reduction, and energy export to the grid with rooftop PV system installation.