Imyigire n’imyigishirize y’ikinyazina ngenera ngenga n’ikinyazina ndafutura mu mashuri yisumbuye

Abstract

Ikemezo cyo gukora ubushakashatsi ku myigire n’imyigishirize y’ikinyazina ngenera ngenga n'ikinyazina ndafutura mu mashuri yisumbuye cyatewe n’ibibazo bibiri. Icya mbere ni uko nta bitabo byihariye bivuga kuri ibi binyazina mu buryo bwimbitse. Gusobanukirwa imiterere y’ibi binyazina bigora abarimu n’abanyeshuri kuko ababyanditseho babisobanura mu buryo butandukanye bigateza urujijo. Icya kabiri, ubumenyi bushingiye ku kugaragaza intêgo y’ikinyazina k’inyunge n'ikinyazina ndafutura mu bushakashatsi bwamuritswe ndetse n’ibitabo bikoreshwa mu mashuri ntibuhagije kuko usanga batabisesengura babivuye imuzi. Kuba ingeri yo gusesengura itaritaweho mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere kandi nta buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga buhari bwafasha umuntu kugaragaza uturemajambo tw’ibinyazina na byo ni ikindi kibazo tutakirengagiza. Ubu bushakashatsi bugamije gutanga umusanzu mu gukemura ikibazo k’imyigire n’imyigishirize y’ikinyazina ngenera ngenga n’ikinyazina ndafutura cyanecyane mu kugaragaza intêgo, no kwerekana inzira zo kubikemura. Ubu bushakashatsi bwayobowe n’ihange ryo kwigira mu muryango n’amahame yo kwitegereza, kwigana no kurebera ku bandi. Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, hakozwe isesengura n’ijora by’inyandiko zifitanye isano n’iyi nsanganyamatsiko. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo twanasesenguye amakuru yibanze abarimu n’abanyeshuri batanze. Itoranya ry’itsinda nkeshwamakuru ryakozwe hifashishijwe uburyo bwo guhitamo itsinda nkeshwamakuru bwa tombora yoroheje ku banyeshuri no guhitamo itsinda nkeshwamakuru rishingiye v ku mpamvu ku barimu. Muri ubu bushakashatsi twakoresheje kandi uburyo nyamubaro n’ubw’iyiga nyamiterere. Ubu bushakashatsi bugizwe n’imitwe itanu. Umutwe wa mbere ukubiyemo umwinjizo rusange. Hasobanuwe ikibazo cy’ubushakashatsi, impamvu twahisemo iyi nsanganyamatsiko n’icyo ubu bushakashatsi buzamarira abo bwakorewe. Twasobanuye kandi inteego n’ibibazo by’ubushakashatsi, imbago n’uburyo bwakozwemo. Umutwe wa kabiri ukubiyemo ibyanditswe mbere ku kinyazina ngenera ngenga na ndafutura. Twagaragaje ibyagezweho, icyuho gihari n’icyakorwa ngo hanozwe ibitanoze. Umutwe wa gatatu ugaragaza uburyo ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe. Werekana imiterere yabwo, iyoboranzira, itsinda shingirwaho n’itsinda nkeshwamakuru. Mu mutwe wa kane, amakuru yakusanyijwe yarasesenguwe hifashishijwe igikoresho k’ikoranabuhanga mu Cyongereza kitwa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ku banyeshuri. Twerekanye ubwisubire n'ijanisha igisubizo runaka cyabonetse. Ku barimu, hakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ritwereka ibisubizo maze dusobanura ayo makuru. Imbonwa zagaragaje ko abarimu n’abanyeshuri badasobanukiwe neza ibi binyazina. Ikifujwe ni uko kugira ngo abarimu basobanukirwe neza imiterere y’ikinyazina ngenera ngenga n’ikinyazina ndafutura bakeneye amahugurwa, gusoma n’izindi nyandiko ziri mu ndimi z’amahanga no gukora ubushakashatsi ku ngingo badasobanukiwe ndetse no kugira ihuriro rihoraho ririmo n’inzobere mu Kinyarwanda.