Abstract:
Ubu bushakashatsi bwiswe “Isesengura ry’inshoza ya ntera n’uburyo yigishwa mu mashuri yisumbuye mu Rwanda” bwari bufite intego yo kujora inhoza ya ntera, hagamijwe kureba niba uburyo yigishwa uyu munsi, hari ibyanozwa kuko uko inshoza imeze ubu bitera abarimu n’abanyeshuri urujijo. Ku bw’ibyo, ubu bushakashatsi bugamije gutanga umusanzu wabwo mu kurushaho kunoza ikibonezamvugo k’Ikinyarwanda ndetse no kugikungahaza bigendanye n’igihe, hashimangirwa imyigire n’imyigishirize iboneye ya ntera mu mashuri yisumbuye. Ubu bushakashatsi bwari bufite intego zihariye, ari zo kugaragaza uburyo inshoza ya ntera yigishwa mu mashuri, gusesengura ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri ntera hagamijwe kunoza imyigire n’imyigishirize ya ntera mu mashuri, ndetse no kunoza inshoza ya ntera hagaragazwa ibikwiye kugumamo, gukurwamo, kugororwa ndetse no kongerwamo kugira ngo yigishwe iboneye, bityo ye guteza urujijo.
Nyuma yo gusoma zimwe mu nyandiko z’abashakashatsi n’ibitabo mfashanyigisho bikoreshwa mu kwigisha ntera mu mashuri, twasanze inshoza ya ntera igaragaza icyuho mu buryo butatu bw’ingenzi maze twiyemeza gukora ubu bushakashatsi kugira ngo tugere ku makuru yatuma twemeza ibyo twakekaga niba aribyo cyangwa atari byo. Izo ngingo zibanzwemo mu nshoza ni izi zikurikira:
Ibicumbi bya ntera byose byisanisha mu nteko zose z’amazina uko ari 16; umubare w’ibicumbi bya ntera byigishwa urazwi; hari ntera zitigishwa mu mashuri. Mu gukora ubu bushakashatsi twayobowe n’ibibazo bikurikira: Mbese inshoza ya ntera yigishwa mu mashuri iraboneye? Mbese ntera zose ziboneka mu Kinyarwanda zigishwa mu mashuri? Ni gute inshoza ya ntera yanozwa kugira ngo iri jambo rikomeze gutera imbere? Ubu bushakashatsi rero bwakozwe hibandwa ku gukusanya imbonwa ndetse no kuzisesengura. imbonwa zakuwe mu matsinda nkeshwamakuru yatoranyijwe hagendeye ku mpamvu (purposive sampling), irigizwe n’abanyeshuri ndetse n’abarimu mu myaka ya gatanu n’iya gatandatu, bose bo mu bigo bya GS CYINAMA, ES GASENYI na ES BISESERO, mu Karere ka Karongi, biga ikinyarwanda mu mashimi y’indimi ya LFK, na LKK. Uko twahabasanze uri ibyo bigo 3: abanyeshuri 85 n’abarimu 10 bose twarabakoresheje.
